What controls the rate of nitrogen absorption and elimination by the human body during a dive?

The rate of nitrogen absorption and elimination by the human body during a dive is primarily influenced by depth, dive time, and exertion level.

At greater depths, the partial pressure of nitrogen increases, which leads to a higher rate of absorption into the body tissues. The longer the duration of the dive (dive time), the more nitrogen is absorbed. This is due to the extended exposure to elevated pressures, which promotes the dissolution of nitrogen into body fluids and tissues.

Additionally, exertion level plays a critical role. Increased physical activity during a dive can elevate blood flow and metabolism, which can affect how nitrogen is taken up and released from tissues. Higher exertion can lead to increased tissue perfusion, thereby potentially leading to faster absorption of nitrogen and changes in elimination rates as the diver ascends.

In comparison, while regular maintenance of equipment and carbon dioxide levels are important aspects of diving safety and performance, they do not directly control the physiological processes of nitrogen absorption and elimination. Thus, the combined effects of depth, dive time, and exertion level are vital for understanding how nitrogen dynamics operate in the body during a dive.